claude-os/apps/sh/sh.c

/**
 * @file sh.c
 * @brief ClaudeOS shell.
 *
 * A simple interactive shell that reads commands from stdin,
 * supports built-in commands (cd, exit, help, env), and
 * executes external programs via fork+exec.
 */

#include "syscalls.h"

/** Maximum command line length. */
#define CMD_MAX 256

/** Read a line from stdin with echo and basic line editing.
 *  Returns length of the line (excluding newline). */
static int readline(char *buf, int maxlen) {
    int pos = 0;
    while (pos < maxlen - 1) {
        char c;
        int n = read(0, &c, 1);
        if (n <= 0) {
            /* No data yet: yield CPU and retry */
            yield();
            continue;
        }

        if (c == '\n' || c == '\r') {
            putchar('\n');
            break;
        } else if (c == '\b' || c == 127) {
            /* Backspace */
            if (pos > 0) {
                pos--;
                puts("\b \b"); /* Move back, overwrite with space, move back */
            }
        } else if (c >= 32) {
            /* Printable character */
            buf[pos++] = c;
            putchar(c);
        }
    }
    buf[pos] = '\0';
    return pos;
}

/** Skip leading whitespace, return pointer to first non-space. */
static char *skip_spaces(char *s) {
    while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
    return s;
}

/** Find the next space or end of string. */
static char *find_space(char *s) {
    while (*s && *s != ' ' && *s != '\t') s++;
    return s;
}

/** String length. */
static int slen(const char *s) {
    int n = 0;
    while (s[n]) n++;
    return n;
}

/** Resolve an absolute path from cwd + a possibly relative path.
 *  Handles '..', '.', and trailing slashes. Result is always absolute. */
static void resolve_path(const char *cwd, const char *arg, char *out, int out_sz) {
    char tmp[256];
    int ti = 0;

    /* If arg is absolute, start from it; otherwise prepend cwd */
    if (arg[0] == '/') {
        /* copy arg into tmp */
        for (int i = 0; arg[i] && ti < 255; i++)
            tmp[ti++] = arg[i];
    } else {
        /* copy cwd */
        for (int i = 0; cwd[i] && ti < 255; i++)
            tmp[ti++] = cwd[i];
        /* ensure separator */
        if (ti > 0 && tmp[ti - 1] != '/' && ti < 255)
            tmp[ti++] = '/';
        /* append arg */
        for (int i = 0; arg[i] && ti < 255; i++)
            tmp[ti++] = arg[i];
    }
    tmp[ti] = '\0';

    /* Now canonicalize: split on '/' and process each component */
    /* Stack of component start offsets */
    int comp_starts[64];
    int comp_lens[64];
    int depth = 0;

    int i = 0;
    while (tmp[i]) {
        /* skip slashes */
        while (tmp[i] == '/') i++;
        if (!tmp[i]) break;

        /* find end of component */
        int start = i;
        while (tmp[i] && tmp[i] != '/') i++;
        int len = i - start;

        if (len == 1 && tmp[start] == '.') {
            /* current dir: skip */
            continue;
        } else if (len == 2 && tmp[start] == '.' && tmp[start + 1] == '.') {
            /* parent dir: pop */
            if (depth > 0) depth--;
        } else {
            /* normal component: push */
            if (depth < 64) {
                comp_starts[depth] = start;
                comp_lens[depth] = len;
                depth++;
            }
        }
    }

    /* Build output */
    int oi = 0;
    if (depth == 0) {
        if (oi < out_sz - 1) out[oi++] = '/';
    } else {
        for (int d = 0; d < depth && oi < out_sz - 2; d++) {
            out[oi++] = '/';
            for (int j = 0; j < comp_lens[d] && oi < out_sz - 1; j++)
                out[oi++] = tmp[comp_starts[d] + j];
        }
    }
    out[oi] = '\0';
}

/** Built-in: cd <path> */
static void builtin_cd(char *arg) {
    if (!arg || !*arg) {
        arg = "/";
    }

    /* Get current working directory */
    char cwd[128];
    if (getenv("CWD", cwd, sizeof(cwd)) < 0) {
        strcpy(cwd, "/");
    }

    /* Resolve the path (handles relative, .., etc.) */
    char resolved[256];
    resolve_path(cwd, arg, resolved, sizeof(resolved));

    /* Validate: check if the directory exists by trying to readdir it.
     * Root "/" always exists. For others, readdir index 0 must not fail
     * with -1 unless the dir is simply empty, so we also accept stat-like
     * checks.  A simple heuristic: if readdir returns -1 for index 0 AND
     * the path is not "/", we check if the *parent* can list it. */
    if (resolved[0] == '/' && resolved[1] != '\0') {
        /* Try listing the first entry; if the path is a valid directory,
         * readdir(path, 0, ...) returns >= 0 even for an empty dir
         * (it returns -1 meaning "end"), BUT if the path doesn't exist
         * at all, the VFS resolve_path will fail and readdir returns -1.
         *
         * Better approach: try to readdir the parent and look for this
         * entry among its children. */
        char name[128];
        int32_t type = readdir(resolved, 0, name);
        /* type >= 0 means there's at least one entry => directory exists.
         * type == -1 could mean empty dir or non-existent.
         * For empty dirs: the directory itself was resolved successfully.
         * For non-existent: the VFS resolution failed.
         *
         * Our VFS readdir calls resolve_path internally. If the path
         * doesn't exist, it returns -1. If it exists but is empty,
         * it also returns -1. We need to distinguish these.
         * Use a stat-like approach: try to open the path. */

        /* Actually the simplest check: try readdir on the *parent* and
         * see if our target component exists as a directory entry. */
        char parent[256];
        char target[128];

        /* Split resolved into parent + target */
        int rlen = slen(resolved);
        int last_slash = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < rlen; i++) {
            if (resolved[i] == '/') last_slash = i;
        }

        if (last_slash == 0) {
            /* Parent is root */
            parent[0] = '/';
            parent[1] = '\0';
            strcpy(target, resolved + 1);
        } else {
            memcpy(parent, resolved, (uint32_t)last_slash);
            parent[last_slash] = '\0';
            strcpy(target, resolved + last_slash + 1);
        }

        /* Search parent directory for target */
        int found = 0;
        uint32_t idx = 0;
        int32_t etype;
        while ((etype = readdir(parent, idx, name)) >= 0) {
            if (strcmp(name, target) == 0) {
                if (etype == 2) {
                    found = 1; /* It's a directory */
                } else {
                    puts("cd: ");
                    puts(resolved);
                    puts(": not a directory\n");
                    return;
                }
                break;
            }
            idx++;
        }

        if (!found) {
            puts("cd: ");
            puts(resolved);
            puts(": no such directory\n");
            return;
        }
    }

    /* Update CWD environment variable */
    setenv("CWD", resolved);
}

/** Built-in: env - print all known env vars. */
static void builtin_env(void) {
    char buf[128];
    if (getenv("CWD", buf, sizeof(buf)) >= 0) {
        puts("CWD=");
        puts(buf);
        putchar('\n');
    }
    if (getenv("PATH", buf, sizeof(buf)) >= 0) {
        puts("PATH=");
        puts(buf);
        putchar('\n');
    }
    if (getenv("TEST", buf, sizeof(buf)) >= 0) {
        puts("TEST=");
        puts(buf);
        putchar('\n');
    }
}

/** Built-in: help */
static void builtin_help(void) {
    puts("ClaudeOS Shell\n");
    puts("Built-in commands:\n");
    puts("  cd <path>  - change working directory\n");
    puts("  env        - show environment variables\n");
    puts("  help       - show this message\n");
    puts("  exit       - exit the shell\n");
    puts("External commands are loaded from initrd.\n");
}

/** Check if a string looks like a path (contains / or starts with .) */
static int looks_like_path(const char *s) {
    if (!s || !*s) return 0;
    if (s[0] == '.' || s[0] == '/') return 1;
    for (int i = 0; s[i]; i++) {
        if (s[i] == '/') return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

/** Execute an external command via fork+exec. */
static void run_command(const char *cmd, const char *arg) {
    int32_t pid = fork();
    if (pid < 0) {
        puts("sh: fork failed\n");
        return;
    }

    if (pid == 0) {
        /* Child: set ARG1 if there's an argument */
        if (arg && *arg) {
            /* If the argument looks like a path and isn't absolute,
             * resolve it relative to CWD so apps get absolute paths */
            if (looks_like_path(arg) && arg[0] != '/') {
                char cwd[128];
                if (getenv("CWD", cwd, sizeof(cwd)) < 0) {
                    strcpy(cwd, "/");
                }
                char resolved_arg[256];
                resolve_path(cwd, arg, resolved_arg, sizeof(resolved_arg));
                setenv("ARG1", resolved_arg);
            } else {
                setenv("ARG1", arg);
            }
        } else {
            setenv("ARG1", "");
        }

        /* exec the command */
        int32_t ret = exec(cmd);
        if (ret < 0) {
            puts("sh: ");
            puts(cmd);
            puts(": not found\n");
            exit(127);
        }
        /* exec doesn't return on success */
        exit(1);
    }

    /* Parent: wait for child */
    waitpid(pid);
}

int main(void) {
    puts("ClaudeOS Shell v0.1\n");
    puts("Type 'help' for available commands.\n\n");

    char cmd[CMD_MAX];

    for (;;) {
        /* Print prompt with CWD */
        char cwd[128];
        if (getenv("CWD", cwd, sizeof(cwd)) < 0) {
            strcpy(cwd, "/");
        }
        puts(cwd);
        puts("$ ");

        /* Read command */
        int len = readline(cmd, CMD_MAX);
        if (len == 0) continue;

        /* Parse command and arguments */
        char *line = skip_spaces(cmd);
        if (*line == '\0') continue;

        char *arg_start = find_space(line);
        char *arg = (char *)0;
        if (*arg_start) {
            *arg_start = '\0';
            arg = skip_spaces(arg_start + 1);
            if (*arg == '\0') arg = (char *)0;
        }

        /* Check built-in commands */
        if (strcmp(line, "exit") == 0) {
            puts("Goodbye!\n");
            exit(0);
        } else if (strcmp(line, "cd") == 0) {
            builtin_cd(arg);
        } else if (strcmp(line, "env") == 0) {
            builtin_env();
        } else if (strcmp(line, "help") == 0) {
            builtin_help();
        } else {
            /* External command */
            run_command(line, arg);
        }
    }

    return 0;
}