Merge pull request 'Update dependency tools.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-toml to v3.2.0' (#16) from renovate/all-minor-patch into master

Reviewed-on: #4
Reviewed-by: Sebastiaan de Schaetzen <sebastiaan.de.schaetzen@gmail.com>

.gitea/workflows/build.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+name: Build and Test
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ master ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ master ]
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6
+
+      - name: Set up JDK
+        uses: actions/setup-java@be666c2fcd27ec809703dec50e508c2fdc7f6654 # v5
+        with:
+          java-version: '21'
+          distribution: 'temurin'
+
+      - name: Build and Test
+        run: ./gradlew build

.run/Bootloader.run.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<component name="ProjectRunConfigurationManager">
+  <configuration default="false" name="Bootloader" type="Application" factoryName="Application" nameIsGenerated="true">
+    <option name="MAIN_CLASS_NAME" value="be.seeseemelk.diceos.Bootloader" />
+    <module name="diceos.main" />
+    <extension name="coverage">
+      <pattern>
+        <option name="PATTERN" value="be.seeseemelk.diceos.*" />
+        <option name="ENABLED" value="true" />
+      </pattern>
+    </extension>
+    <method v="2">
+      <option name="Make" enabled="true" />
+    </method>
+  </configuration>
+</component>

GEMINI.md

@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ The project uses Gradle.
 *   **Language:** Java
 *   **Dependency Injection:** Uses `avaje-inject`. Components are marked with `@Component` and injected via constructor.
 *   **Boilerplate:** Uses `lombok` for boilerplate reduction.
-*   **Rendering:** Built on LibGDX. Main entry point is `DiceOS.java` which extends `ApplicationAdapter`.
+*   **Rendering:** Built on LibGDX. Main entry point is `DiceOSAdapter.java` which extends `ApplicationAdapter`.
+*   **Asset Loading:** All assets, including textures, fonts, and NinePatches, must be loaded via the `ResourceLoader` service to ensure proper lifecycle management and caching.
 *   **Project Structure:**
     *   `src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system`: Core OS services (Display, Window, Input, etc.).
     *   `src/main/resources`: Assets (backgrounds, system textures, fonts).

build.gradle.kts

@@ -7,10 +7,14 @@ plugins {
 group = "be.seeseemelk"
 version = "1.0-SNAPSHOT"
 
-val gdxVersion = "1.14.0"
+val gdxVersion = "1.14.2"
 val slf4j = "2.0.18"
 val lombokVersion = "1.18.46"
-val avajeInjectVersion = "12.5"
+val avajeInjectVersion = "12.6-javax"
+
+application {
+    mainClass = "be.seeseemelk.diceos.Bootloader"
+}
 
 repositories {
     mavenCentral()
@@ -28,21 +32,21 @@ dependencies {
     testAnnotationProcessor("org.projectlombok:lombok:${lombokVersion}")
 
     // Dependency Injection
-    implementation("io.avaje:avaje-config:4.4")
+    implementation("io.avaje:avaje-config:5.1")
     implementation("io.avaje:avaje-inject:${avajeInjectVersion}")
     annotationProcessor("io.avaje:avaje-inject-generator:${avajeInjectVersion}")
     testImplementation("io.avaje:avaje-inject-test:${avajeInjectVersion}")
     testAnnotationProcessor("io.avaje:avaje-inject-generator:${avajeInjectVersion}")
 
     // Parsing TOML files
-    implementation("tools.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-toml:3.1.3")
+    implementation("tools.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-toml:3.2.0")
 
     // LibGDX
     api("com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx:$gdxVersion")
     api("com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-backend-lwjgl3:$gdxVersion")
     api("com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-desktop")
 
-    testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.14.4"))
+    testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:6.1.0"))
     testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter")
     testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher")
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/Bootloader.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package be.seeseemelk.diceos;
 
 import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.DiceOS;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.DiceOSAdapter;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl3.Lwjgl3Application;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl3.Lwjgl3ApplicationConfiguration;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.glutils.HdpiMode;
@@ -13,7 +14,8 @@ public class Bootloader {
             config.setTitle("DiceOS");
             config.setFullscreenMode(Lwjgl3ApplicationConfiguration.getDisplayMode());
             config.setHdpiMode(HdpiMode.Pixels);
-            new Lwjgl3Application(beanScope.get(DiceOS.class), config);
+            beanScope.get(DiceOS.class);
+            new Lwjgl3Application(beanScope.get(DiceOSAdapter.class), config);
         }
     }
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/DiceOS.java

@@ -1,115 +1,41 @@
 package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system;
 
-import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.GraphicsContext;
-import com.badlogic.gdx.ApplicationAdapter;
-import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Color;
-import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture;
-import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.BitmapFont;
-import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.TextureRegion;
-import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.ScreenUtils;
-import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.viewport.ScreenViewport;
-import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.viewport.Viewport;
 import io.avaje.inject.Component;
+import io.avaje.inject.PostConstruct;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
-import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 
-import java.util.List;
-
-@Slf4j
-@Component
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
-public class DiceOS extends ApplicationAdapter {
+@Component
+public class DiceOS {
+    private static DiceOS INSTANCE;
     private final ResourceLoader resourceLoader;
-    private final DisplayService display;
-    private final CursorService cursorService;
     private final WindowService windowService;
-    private final List<OnStartup> startupTasks;
+    private final InputService inputService;
-    private Texture clouds;
-    private Texture border;
-    private Viewport vmViewport;
-    private Viewport screenViewport;
-    private int scaling = 1;
-    private int offsetX = 0;
-    private int offsetY = 0;
-    private GraphicsContext gc;
 
-    private BitmapFont font;
+    @PostConstruct
-
+    void register() {
-    @Override
+        if (INSTANCE != null) {
-    public void create() {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("DiceOS already created");
-        log.info("DiceOS starting...");
+        }
-        clouds = resourceLoader.loadTexture("backgrounds/clouds.png");
+        INSTANCE = this;
-        border = resourceLoader.loadTexture("system/border.png");
-
-        screenViewport = new ScreenViewport();
-        vmViewport = new ScreenViewport();
-        vmViewport.update(display.getWidth(), display.getHeight(), true);
-
-        for (var task : startupTasks) {
-            task.onStartup();
     }
 
-        font = resourceLoader.loadFont("system/font");
+    public static DiceOS get() {
-
+        if (INSTANCE == null) {
-        log.info("DiceOS started!");
+            throw new IllegalStateException("ResourceLoader not initialized yet");
+        }
+        return INSTANCE;
     }
 
-    @Override
+    public static ResourceLoader getResourceLoader() {
-    public void resize(int width, int height) {
+        return INSTANCE.resourceLoader;
-        screenViewport.update(width, height, true);
-
-        int displayWidth = display.getWidth();
-        int displayHeight = display.getHeight();
-        scaling = Math.min(width / displayWidth, height / displayHeight);
-        offsetX = (width - (displayWidth * scaling)) / 2;
-        offsetY = (height - (displayHeight * scaling)) / 2;
-
-        cursorService.setScale(scaling);
-
-        gc = new GraphicsContext(screenViewport.getCamera(), display.getBatch(), displayHeight, displayWidth);
     }
 
-    @Override
+    public static WindowService getWindowService() {
-    public void render() {
+        return INSTANCE.windowService;
-        cursorService.updateCursor();
+    }
 
-        ScreenUtils.clear(Color.BLACK);
+    public static InputService getInputService() {
-        vmViewport.apply();
+        return INSTANCE.inputService;
-        display.getScreenBuffer().begin();
-        display.getBatch().setProjectionMatrix(vmViewport.getCamera().combined);
-        display.getBatch().begin();
-
-        ScreenUtils.clear(Color.GREEN);
-
-        // Render background
-        gc.draw(clouds, 0, 0);
-
-        gc.scissor(0, 0, gc.getWidth(), gc.getHeight(), windowService::paint);
-
-        // Render borders
-        var param = new GraphicsContext.Parameters();
-        gc.draw(border, 0, 0, param);
-        param.flipX = true;
-        gc.draw(border, display.getWidth() - 8, 0, param);
-        param.flipY = true;
-        gc.draw(border, display.getWidth() - 8, display.getHeight() - 8, param);
-        param.flipX = false;
-        gc.draw(border, 0, display.getHeight() - 8, param);
-
-        font.draw(display.getBatch(), "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", 6, display.getHeight() - 12);
-
-        // Finish rendering to screen buffer
-        display.getBatch().end();
-        display.getScreenBuffer().end();
-
-        // Render screen buffer to actual screen
-        screenViewport.apply();
-        display.getBatch().setProjectionMatrix(screenViewport.getCamera().combined);
-        display.getBatch().begin();
-        var texture = display.getScreenBuffer().getColorBufferTexture();
-        var textureRegion = new TextureRegion(texture);
-        textureRegion.flip(false, true);
-        display.getBatch().draw(textureRegion, offsetX, offsetY, display.getWidth() * scaling, display.getHeight() * scaling);
-        display.getBatch().end();
     }
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/DiceOSAdapter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system;
+
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.GraphicsContext;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.ApplicationAdapter;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.Gdx;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Color;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.TextureRegion;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.ScreenUtils;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.viewport.ScreenViewport;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.viewport.Viewport;
+import io.avaje.inject.Component;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+@Slf4j
+@Component
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class DiceOSAdapter extends ApplicationAdapter {
+    private final ResourceLoader resourceLoader;
+    private final DisplayService display;
+    private final CursorService cursorService;
+    private final WindowService windowService;
+    private final InputService inputService;
+    private final List<OnStartup> startupTasks;
+    private Texture clouds;
+    private Texture border;
+    private Viewport vmViewport;
+    private Viewport screenViewport;
+    private int scaling = 1;
+    private int offsetX = 0;
+    private int offsetY = 0;
+    private GraphicsContext gc;
+
+    @Override
+    public void create() {
+        log.info("DiceOS starting...");
+        clouds = resourceLoader.loadTexture("backgrounds/clouds.png");
+        border = resourceLoader.loadTexture("system/border.png");
+
+        screenViewport = new ScreenViewport();
+        vmViewport = new ScreenViewport();
+        vmViewport.update(display.getWidth(), display.getHeight(), true);
+
+        for (var task : startupTasks) {
+            task.onStartup();
+        }
+
+        log.info("DiceOS started!");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void resize(int width, int height) {
+        screenViewport.update(width, height, true);
+
+        int displayWidth = display.getWidth();
+        int displayHeight = display.getHeight();
+        scaling = Math.min(width / displayWidth, height / displayHeight);
+        offsetX = (width - (displayWidth * scaling)) / 2;
+        offsetY = (height - (displayHeight * scaling)) / 2;
+
+        cursorService.setScale(scaling);
+        inputService.setScale(scaling);
+        inputService.setOffset(offsetX, offsetY);
+
+        gc = new GraphicsContext(screenViewport.getCamera(), display.getBatch(), displayHeight, displayWidth,
+                DiceOS.getResourceLoader().getDefaultFont().getBitmapFont());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void render() {
+        int mouseX = Gdx.input.getX();
+        int mouseY = display.getHeight() - Gdx.input.getY();
+        windowService.update(mouseX, mouseY, Gdx.input.isTouched());
+
+        cursorService.updateCursor();
+
+        ScreenUtils.clear(Color.BLACK);
+        vmViewport.apply();
+        display.getScreenBuffer().begin();
+        display.getBatch().setProjectionMatrix(vmViewport.getCamera().combined);
+        display.getBatch().begin();
+
+        ScreenUtils.clear(Color.GREEN);
+
+        // Render background
+        gc.draw(clouds, 0, 0);
+
+        // Render windows
+        windowService.paint(gc);
+
+        // Render borders
+        var param = new GraphicsContext.Parameters();
+        gc.draw(border, 0, 0, param);
+        param.flipX = true;
+        gc.draw(border, display.getWidth() - 8, 0, param);
+        param.flipY = true;
+        gc.draw(border, display.getWidth() - 8, display.getHeight() - 8, param);
+        param.flipX = false;
+        gc.draw(border, 0, display.getHeight() - 8, param);
+
+        // Finish rendering to screen buffer
+        display.getBatch().end();
+        display.getScreenBuffer().end();
+
+        // Render screen buffer to actual screen
+        screenViewport.apply();
+        display.getBatch().setProjectionMatrix(screenViewport.getCamera().combined);
+        display.getBatch().begin();
+        var texture = display.getScreenBuffer().getColorBufferTexture();
+        var textureRegion = new TextureRegion(texture);
+        textureRegion.flip(false, true);
+        display.getBatch().draw(textureRegion, offsetX, offsetY, display.getWidth() * scaling, display.getHeight() * scaling);
+        display.getBatch().end();
+    }
+
+
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/InputService.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system;
 
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events.MouseClickEvent;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.Gdx;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.Input;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.InputAdapter;
@@ -12,6 +13,9 @@ import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
 public class InputService implements OnStartup {
     private final DisplayService displayService;
+    private int scale = 1;
+    private int offsetX = 0;
+    private int offsetY = 0;
 
     @Override
     public void onStartup() {
@@ -24,6 +28,19 @@ public class InputService implements OnStartup {
                 } else if (keycode == Input.Keys.ESCAPE) {
                     Gdx.app.exit();
                 }
+                //DiceOS.getWindowService().onEvent(new KeyEvent(keycode));
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean touchUp(int screenX, int screenY, int pointer, int button) {
+                DiceOS.getWindowService().onEvent(new MouseClickEvent(screenX, screenY, MouseClickEvent.Button.LEFT, MouseClickEvent.Action.RELEASED));
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean touchDown(int screenX, int screenY, int pointer, int button) {
+                DiceOS.getWindowService().onEvent(new MouseClickEvent(screenX, screenY, MouseClickEvent.Button.LEFT, MouseClickEvent.Action.PRESSED));
                 return false;
             }
         });
@@ -33,4 +50,36 @@ public class InputService implements OnStartup {
         return Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(com.badlogic.gdx.Input.Keys.ALT_LEFT) ||
                Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(com.badlogic.gdx.Input.Keys.ALT_RIGHT);
     }
+
+    public int getMouseX() {
+        return (Gdx.input.getX() - offsetX) / scale;
+    }
+
+    public int getMouseY() {
+        return (Gdx.input.getY() - offsetY) / scale;
+    }
+
+    void setScale(int scale) {
+        this.scale = scale;
+    }
+
+    void setOffset(int x, int y) {
+        this.offsetX = x;
+        this.offsetY = y;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the mouse is currently within the specified rectangle.
+     * @param x The x-coordinate of the rectangle.
+     * @param y The y-coordinate of the rectangle.
+     * @param width The width of the rectangle.
+     * @param height The height of the rectangle.
+     * @return True if the mouse is within the rectangle, false otherwise.
+     */
+    public boolean mouseInBounds(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+        int mx = getMouseX();
+        int my = getMouseY();
+        return mx >= x && mx < x + width &&
+               my >= y && my < y + height;
+    }
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/ResourceLoader.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system;
 
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.font.Font;
 import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.font.FontLoader;
 import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.font.FontMetadata;
 import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.NinePatchLoader;
@@ -18,6 +19,14 @@ import tools.jackson.dataformat.toml.TomlFactory;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 
+/**
+ * A utility class responsible for loading and caching graphical and textual assets used in the application.
+ * It manages various types of resources including pixmaps, textures, nine-patches, and fonts, ensuring that
+ * assets are loaded only once and subsequently reused to optimize performance.
+ *
+ * The class supports loading assets from specified file paths and caches them in memory. It implements a
+ * lazy-loading mechanism to defer loading until a resource is requested.
+ */
 @Slf4j
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
 @Component
@@ -25,7 +34,7 @@ public class ResourceLoader {
     private final Map<String, Pixmap> pixmaps = new HashMap<>();
     private final Map<String, Texture> textures = new HashMap<>();
     private final Map<String, NinePatch> ninePatches = new HashMap<>();
-    private final Map<String, BitmapFont> fonts = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<String, Font> fonts = new HashMap<>();
     private final ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(new TomlFactory());
 
     public Pixmap loadPixmap(String path) {
@@ -36,6 +45,13 @@ public class ResourceLoader {
         return textures.computeIfAbsent(path, p -> new Texture(Gdx.files.internal(p)));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Loads and retrieves a {@link NinePatch} object for the given image path. The method caches loaded
+     * {@link NinePatch} instances to avoid redundant processing of the same asset.
+     *
+     * @param path the file path of the image to load as a 9-patch
+     * @return the loaded {@link NinePatch} instance corresponding to the specified image path
+     */
     public NinePatch loadNinePatch(String path) {
         return ninePatches.computeIfAbsent(path, p -> {
             var pixmap = loadPixmap(p);
@@ -44,16 +60,28 @@ public class ResourceLoader {
         });
     }
 
-    public BitmapFont loadFont(String path) {
+    /**
+     * Loads and retrieves a {@link Font} object for the given file path.
+     * The method caches loaded {@link Font} instances to avoid redundant
+     * processing of the same asset.
+     *
+     * @param path the file path of the font to load
+     * @return the loaded {@link Font} instance corresponding to the specified file path
+     */
+    public Font loadFont(String path) {
         return fonts.computeIfAbsent(path, this::loadBitmapfont);
     }
 
-    private BitmapFont loadBitmapfont(String path) {
+    public Font getDefaultFont() {
+        return loadFont("system/font");
+    }
+
+    private Font loadBitmapfont(String path) {
         log.info("Loading bitmap font from {}", path);
 
         var metadataString = Gdx.files.internal(path + ".toml").readString();
         var metadata = mapper.readValue(metadataString, FontMetadata.class);
         @Cleanup("dispose") var pixmap = loadPixmap(metadata.getGeneral().getSource());
-        return FontLoader.loadBitmapfont(pixmap, metadata);
+        return new Font(FontLoader.loadBitmapfont(pixmap, metadata));
     }
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/WindowService.java

@@ -1,29 +1,95 @@
 package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system;
 
 import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.GraphicsContext;
-import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.Menubar;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.Window;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events.Event;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events.MouseClickEvent;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.menu.Menu;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.NinePatch;
 import io.avaje.inject.Component;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+@Slf4j
 @RequiredArgsConstructor
 @Component
 public class WindowService implements OnStartup {
     private final ResourceLoader resourceLoader;
+    private final List<Window> windows = new ArrayList<>();
     private NinePatch menubar;
-    private Menubar systemMenubar;
+    private Menu menu;
 
     @Override
     public void onStartup() {
         menubar = resourceLoader.loadNinePatch("system/menubar.png");
 
-        systemMenubar = new Menubar()
+        menu = new Menu("Root");
-                .addItem("Dice")
+        menu.add(new Menu("Dice"));
-                .addItem("System");
+        menu.add(new Menu("System"));
+    }
+
+    public void spawnWindow(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+        windows.add(new Window(x, y, width, height, Window.Style.NORMAL));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Maps a window to be managed by this service.
+     * @param window The window to manage.
+     */
+    public void map(Window window) {
+        if (!windows.contains(window)) {
+            windows.add(window);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unmaps a window, removing it from management.
+     * @param window The window to remove.
+     */
+    public void unmap(Window window) {
+        windows.remove(window);
+    }
+
+    public void update(int mouseX, int mouseY, boolean isTouched) {
+        for (Window window : windows) {
+            window.handleInput(mouseX, mouseY, isTouched);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void paint(GraphicsContext gc) {
+        for (Window window : windows) {
+            window.paint(gc);
         }
 
-    void paint(GraphicsContext gc) {
         // Render menubar
         gc.draw(menubar, 0, 0, gc.getWidth(), 14);
+
+        // Render menubar items
+        gc.save();
+        gc.translate(8, 0);
+        for (var submenu : menu.getItems()) {
+            gc.save();
+            gc.clip(0, 0, submenu.getWidth(), submenu.getHeight());
+            submenu.paint(gc);
+            gc.restore();
+            gc.translate(submenu.getWidth(), 0);
+        }
+        gc.restore();
+    }
+
+    void onEvent(Event event) {
+        switch (event) {
+            case MouseClickEvent e -> onMouseClickEvent(e);
+            default -> {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void onMouseClickEvent(MouseClickEvent event) {
+        if (event.getY() <= 14) {
+            log.info("Clicking on menubar");
+        }
     }
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/WindowSpawnTask.java

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system;
+
+import io.avaje.inject.Component;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+
+@Component
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class WindowSpawnTask implements OnStartup {
+    private final WindowService windowService;
+
+    @Override
+    public void onStartup() {
+        windowService.spawnWindow(50, 50, 200, 150);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/font/Font.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.font;
+
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.BitmapFont;
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a font used for rendering text, providing utilities
+ * for measuring text dimensions.
+ */
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class Font {
+    @Getter
+    private final BitmapFont bitmapFont;
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates the width of the given text when rendered with the current font.
+     * @param text The text to measure.
+     * @return The width of the text in pixels.
+     */
+    public int getTextWidth(String text) {
+        var layout = new com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.GlyphLayout();
+        layout.setText(bitmapFont, text);
+        return (int) layout.width;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/font/FontLoader.java

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ public class FontLoader {
         var region = new TextureRegion(texture);
 
         var data = new BitmapFont.BitmapFontData();
+        data.lineHeight = metadata.getGeneral().getLineHeight();
 
         var glyphMap = new Map2D<Integer, Integer, BitmapFont.Glyph>();
         var glyphLines = metadata.getGeneral().getOrder().split("\n");
@@ -65,6 +66,8 @@ public class FontLoader {
                 glyph.u2 = (float)widthTiming.glyphEnd / pixmap.getWidth();
                 glyph.v = (float)heightTiming.glyphStart / pixmap.getHeight();
                 glyph.v2 = (float)heightTiming.glyphEnd / pixmap.getHeight();
+
+                data.capHeight = Math.max(data.capHeight, heightTiming.getGlyphHeight());
             }
         }
 
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ public class FontLoader {
                     if (!isBlack) {
                         currentTiming.glyphEnd = x;
                         state = State.WAITING_FOR_GLYPH_WIDTHS;
-                        log.info("Found glyph width: {} (from {} to {})", currentTiming.getGlyphWidth(), currentTiming.glyphStart, currentTiming.glyphEnd);
+                        //log.info("Found glyph width: {} (from {} to {})", currentTiming.getGlyphWidth(), currentTiming.glyphStart, currentTiming.glyphEnd);
                     }
                 }
             }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/font/GeneralSection.java

@@ -15,4 +15,14 @@ public class GeneralSection {
      * The order of the glyphs in the image file.
      */
     private String order;
+
+    private int lineHeight;
+
+    public int getLineHeight() {
+        return lineHeight;
+    }
+
+    public void setLineHeight(int lineHeight) {
+        this.lineHeight = lineHeight;
+    }
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/gfx/GraphicsContext.java

@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx;
 
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.DiceOS;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Camera;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.Batch;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.BitmapFont;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.NinePatch;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Rectangle;
 import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.utils.ScissorStack;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
 
-import java.util.function.Consumer;
+import java.util.Stack;
 
 /**
  * Graphics context and rendering utilities.
@@ -21,38 +23,196 @@ public class GraphicsContext {
     private final Batch batch;
     private final int height;
     private final int width;
+    private final BitmapFont font;
 
+    private final Stack<GraphicsState> stateStack = new java.util.Stack<>();
+
+    private int translateX = 0;
+    private int translateY = 0;
+
+    private static class GraphicsState {
+        private final int translateX;
+        private final int translateY;
+        private int scissorCount;
+
+        public GraphicsState(int translateX, int translateY, int scissorCount) {
+            this.translateX = translateX;
+            this.translateY = translateY;
+            this.scissorCount = scissorCount;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Draws a NinePatch image at the specified coordinates and dimensions.
+     * @param image The NinePatch to draw.
+     * @param x The x-coordinate.
+     * @param y The y-coordinate.
+     * @param width The width.
+     * @param height The height.
+     */
     public void draw(NinePatch image, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
-        image.draw(batch, x, getHeight() - height - y, width, height);
+        image.draw(batch, x + translateX, getHeight() - height - (y + translateY), width, height);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Draws a texture at the specified coordinates.
+     * @param texture The texture to draw.
+     * @param x The x-coordinate.
+     * @param y The y-coordinate.
+     */
     public void draw(Texture texture, int x, int y) {
-        draw(texture, x, y, Parameters.DEFAULT);
+        draw(texture, x + translateX, y + translateY, Parameters.DEFAULT);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Draws a texture with specific drawing parameters.
+     * @param texture The texture to draw.
+     * @param x The x-coordinate.
+     * @param y The y-coordinate.
+     * @param params Drawing parameters (flipX, flipY).
+     */
     public void draw(Texture texture, int x, int y, Parameters params) {
         batch.draw(texture,
-                x, getHeight() - y - texture.getHeight(), texture.getWidth(), texture.getHeight(),
+                x + translateX, getHeight() - (y + translateY) - texture.getHeight(), texture.getWidth(), texture.getHeight(),
                 0, 0, texture.getWidth(), texture.getHeight(),
                 params.flipX, params.flipY);
     }
 
-    public void scissor(int x, int y, int width, int height, Consumer<GraphicsContext> callback) {
+    /**
-        var scissors = new Rectangle();
+     * Draws some text with the current font.
-        var clipBounds = new Rectangle(x, getHeight() - y - height, width, height);
+     * @param text The text to draw.
-        ScissorStack.calculateScissors(camera, batch.getTransformMatrix(), clipBounds, scissors);
+     * @param x The x coordinate to draw at.
+     * @param y The y coordinate to draw at.
+     */
+    public void draw(String text, int x, int y) {
+        font.draw(batch, text, x + translateX, getHeight() - (y + translateY + font.getLineHeight()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fills a rectangular area with the currently set color.
+     * @param x The x-coordinate.
+     * @param y The y-coordinate.
+     * @param width The width.
+     * @param height The height.
+     */
+    public void fillRect(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+        var texture = DiceOS.getResourceLoader().loadTexture("system/white.png");
+        batch.draw(texture, x + translateX, getHeight() - height - (y + translateY), width, height);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the color for subsequent drawing operations.
+     * @param r The red component (0-255).
+     * @param g The green component (0-255).
+     * @param b The blue component (0-255).
+     */
+    public void setColour(int r, int g, int b) {
+        batch.setColor(r / 255f, g / 255f, b / 255f, 1f);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the color for subsequent drawing operations using an RGB integer.
+     * @param rgb The RGB color integer.
+     */
+    public void setColour(int rgb) {
+        setColour((rgb >> 16) & 0xFF, (rgb >> 8) & 0xFF, rgb & 0xFF);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shifts the context to the right and down by some amount.
+     * Negative values move towards the opposite direction.
+     *
+     * @param x The number of pixels to move to the right by.
+     * @param y The number of pixels to move down by.
+     */
+    public void translate(int x, int y) {
+        translateX += x;
+        translateY += y;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the total amount of X-translation applied by this graphics context.
+     * In other words, a draw command with `x=0` would actually write to this screen coordinate.
+     * @return The total amount of X-translation.
+     */
+    public int getXTranslation() {
+        return translateX;
+    }
+
+    public int getYTranslation() {
+        return translateY;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets a clipping rectangle for subsequent draw operations.
+     *
+     * @param width  The width of the clipping area.
+     * @param height The height of the clipping area.
+     */
+    public void clip(int width, int height) {
+        clip(0, 0, width, height);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets a clipping rectangle for subsequent draw operations.
+     *
+     * @param x      The x-coordinate of the clipping area.
+     * @param y      The y-coordinate of the clipping area.
+     * @param width  The width of the clipping area.
+     * @param height The height of the clipping area.
+     */
+    public void clip(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+        var scissors = new Rectangle(x + getXTranslation(), getHeight() - (y + getYTranslation()) - height, width, height);
+        ScissorStack.calculateScissors(camera, batch.getTransformMatrix(), scissors, scissors);
         batch.flush();
         if (ScissorStack.pushScissors(scissors)) {
-            callback.accept(this);
+            getCurrentState().scissorCount++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the current graphics state from the top of the stack.
+     * @return The current state.
+     */
+    private GraphicsState getCurrentState() {
+        return stateStack.peek();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pushes the current state onto an internal stack.
+     * The state can later be restored using {@link #restore()}.
+     */
+    public void save() {
+        stateStack.push(new GraphicsState(translateX, translateY, 0));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Restores a state pushed by {@link #save()}
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if no state was pushed.
+     */
+    public void restore() {
+        if (stateStack.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("No state to restore");
+        }
         batch.flush();
+        GraphicsState state = stateStack.pop();
+        translateX = state.translateX;
+        translateY = state.translateY;
+        for (int i = 0; i < state.scissorCount; i++) {
             ScissorStack.popScissors();
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Graphics drawing parameters.
+     */
     public static class Parameters {
         public final static Parameters DEFAULT = new Parameters();
 
+        /** Indicates if the x-axis should be flipped. */
         public boolean flipX = false;
+
+        /** Indicates if the y-axis should be flipped. */
         public boolean flipY = false;
     }
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/Component.java

@@ -1,7 +1,40 @@
 package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit;
 
 import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.GraphicsContext;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events.Event;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events.InputEvent;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events.MouseEvent;
 
 public abstract class Component {
+    public abstract int getX();
+    public abstract int getY();
+    public abstract int getWidth();
+    public abstract int getHeight();
+
     public abstract void paint(GraphicsContext gc);
+
+    public void onEvent(Event event) {
+        switch (event) {
+            case InputEvent inputEvent -> onInputEvent(inputEvent);
+            default -> {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void onInputEvent(InputEvent event) {
+        switch (event) {
+            case MouseEvent mouseEvent -> onMouseEvent(mouseEvent);
+            default -> {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void onMouseEvent(MouseEvent event) {
+        switch (event) {
+            case be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events.MouseClickEvent mouseClickEvent -> onMouseClick(mouseClickEvent);
+            default -> {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void onMouseClick(be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events.MouseClickEvent event) {
+        // Default empty implementation
+    }
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/Container.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit;
 
 import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.GraphicsContext;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events.MouseEvent;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -22,4 +23,14 @@ public abstract class Container extends Component {
             component.paint(gc);
         }
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onMouseEvent(MouseEvent event) {
+        super.onMouseEvent(event);
+        for (var component : components) {
+            if (component instanceof Window window && window.isHovered(event.getX(), event.getY())) {
+                component.onMouseEvent(event);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/Menubar.java

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit;
-
-import lombok.Getter;
-
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-
-public class Menubar {
-    @Getter
-    private final List<String> items = new ArrayList<>();
-
-    public Menubar addItem(String item) {
-        items.add(item);
-        return this;
-    }
-}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/Window.java

@@ -1,16 +1,96 @@
 package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit;
 
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.DiceOS;
 import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.GraphicsContext;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.NinePatch;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.Setter;
 
+/**
+ * Represents a window within the system.
+ */
 @Setter
 @Getter
 public class Window extends Container {
     private String title;
+    private int x, y, width, height;
+    private boolean active;
+    private NinePatch borders;
+
+    /**
+     * The style of window decorations to use.
+     */
+    public enum Style {
+        /**
+         * The standard style with a full window border.
+         * This is the default.
+         */
+        NORMAL,
+
+        /**
+         * No borders
+         */
+        NONE,
+    }
+
+    public Window(int x, int y, int width, int height, Style style) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+        this.width = width;
+        this.height = height;
+        setStyle(style);
+    }
+
+    public void setStyle(Style style) {
+        switch (style) {
+            case NORMAL -> borders = DiceOS.getResourceLoader().loadNinePatch("system/window.png");
+            case NONE -> borders = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shows this window in the system.
+     */
+    public void show() {
+        DiceOS.getWindowService().map(this);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Hides this window from the system.
+     */
+    public void hide() {
+        DiceOS.getWindowService().unmap(this);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isHovered(int mouseX, int mouseY) {
+        return mouseX >= x && mouseX <= x + width && mouseY >= y && mouseY <= y + height;
+    }
+
+    private int dragOffsetX, dragOffsetY;
+    private boolean isDragging;
+
+    public void handleInput(int mouseX, int mouseY, boolean isTouched) {
+        if (isTouched) {
+            if (!isDragging && isHovered(mouseX, mouseY)) {
+                isDragging = true;
+                dragOffsetX = mouseX - x;
+                dragOffsetY = mouseY - y;
+            }
+        } else {
+            isDragging = false;
+        }
+
+        if (isDragging) {
+            x = mouseX - dragOffsetX;
+            y = mouseY - dragOffsetY;
+        }
+    }
 
     @Override
     public void paint(GraphicsContext gc) {
+        if (borders != null) {
+            borders.draw(gc.getBatch(), x, gc.getHeight() - height - y, width, height);
+        }
         super.paint(gc);
     }
 }

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/events/Event.java

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events;
+
+public abstract class Event {
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/events/InputEvent.java

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events;
+
+public abstract class InputEvent extends Event {
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/events/MouseClickEvent.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events;
+
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+
+/**
+ * Event representing a mouse button click.
+ */
+@Getter
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class MouseClickEvent extends MouseEvent {
+    private final int x;
+    private final int y;
+
+    /**
+     * The mouse button that was clicked.
+     */
+    private final Button button;
+
+    /**
+     * The action performed in the mouse click event, indicating whether the mouse button
+     * was pressed or released.
+     */
+    private final Action action;
+
+    public enum Button {
+        LEFT, RIGHT,
+    }
+
+    public enum Action {
+        PRESSED, RELEASED
+    }
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/events/MouseEvent.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.events;
+
+/**
+ * Base class for all mouse-related input events.
+ */
+public abstract class MouseEvent extends InputEvent {
+    /**
+     * @return The x-coordinate of the mouse event.
+     */
+    public abstract int getX();
+
+    /**
+     * @return The y-coordinate of the mouse event.
+     */
+    public abstract int getY();
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/menu/Menu.java

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.menu;
+
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.DiceOS;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.font.Font;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.GraphicsContext;
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.Window;
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+@Getter
+@Slf4j
+public class Menu implements MenuItem {
+    private final static int HORIZONTAL_PADDING = 2;
+
+    private final String title;
+    private final List<MenuItem> items = new ArrayList<>();
+    private final Font font = DiceOS.getResourceLoader().getDefaultFont();
+
+    public Menu add(MenuItem item) {
+        items.add(item);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public Menu remove(MenuItem item) {
+        items.remove(item);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWidth() {
+        return font.getTextWidth(title) + HORIZONTAL_PADDING * 2;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getHeight() {
+        return 13;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Opens the popup at a specific coordinate.
+     *
+     * @param x The x-coordinate.
+     * @param y The y-coordinate.
+     * @return The created Window for the menu.
+     */
+    public Window show(int x, int y) {
+        return new Window(x, y, getWidth(), getHeight(), Window.Style.NONE);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void paint(GraphicsContext gc) {
+        if (DiceOS.getInputService().mouseInBounds(gc.getXTranslation(), gc.getYTranslation(), getWidth(), getHeight())) {
+            log.info("Mouse in bounds");
+            gc.setColour(0x9f7445);
+            gc.fillRect(-100, -100, 500, 500);
+        }
+
+        gc.setColour(255, 255, 255);
+
+        // Renders the menu as a simple menu button
+        gc.draw(title, HORIZONTAL_PADDING, 5);
+    }
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/menu/MenuButton.java

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.menu;
+
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.GraphicsContext;
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.Setter;
+
+@Getter
+@Setter
+public class MenuButton implements MenuItem {
+    private String text;
+    private Runnable callback;
+
+    public MenuButton(String text) {
+        this.text = text;
+    }
+
+    public void onClick(Runnable callback) {
+        this.callback = callback;
+    }
+
+    public void click() {
+        if (callback != null) {
+            callback.run();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getWidth() {
+        return text.length() * 8 + 10; // Simple approximation for now
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getHeight() {
+        return 16;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void paint(GraphicsContext gc) {
+        // Implement painting logic
+    }
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/menu/MenuDivider.java

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.menu;
+
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.GraphicsContext;
+
+public class MenuDivider implements MenuItem {
+    @Override
+    public int getWidth() {
+        return 100;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getHeight() {
+        return 4;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void paint(GraphicsContext gc) {
+        // Implement divider drawing
+    }
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/toolkit/menu/MenuItem.java

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.toolkit.menu;
+
+import be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx.GraphicsContext;
+
+public interface MenuItem {
+    int getWidth();
+    int getHeight();
+    void paint(GraphicsContext gc);
+}

src/main/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/utils/Utils.java

@@ -12,4 +12,18 @@ public class Utils {
     public static boolean isPowerOfTwo(int value) {
         return (value & (value - 1)) == 0 && value != 0;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Determines if the point at (x, y) is inside the bounds of (x1, y1, width, height).
+     * @param x The x-coordinate of the point.
+     * @param y The y-coordinate of the point.
+     * @param x1 The x-coordinate of the bounds.
+     * @param y1 The y-coordinate of the bounds.
+     * @param width The width of the bounds.
+     * @param height The height of the bounds.
+     * @return True if the point is inside the bounds, false otherwise.
+     */
+    public static boolean isInBounds(int x, int y, int x1, int y1, int width, int height) {
+        return x >= x1 && x < x1 + width && y >= y1 && y < y1 + height;
+    }
 }

src/main/resources/system/font.toml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ order = """
 aAbBcCdDeEfFgGhHiIjJkKlLmMnN
 oOpPqQrRsStTuUvVwWxXyYzZ
 """
+lineHeight = 7
 
 [padding]
 horizontal = 1

src/test/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/InputServiceTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system;
+
+import com.badlogic.gdx.Gdx;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.Input;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+class InputServiceTest {
+    private DisplayService displayService;
+    private InputService inputService;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void setUp() {
+        displayService = Mockito.mock(DisplayService.class);
+        inputService = new InputService(displayService);
+        Gdx.input = Mockito.mock(Input.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testMouseMethods() {
+        Mockito.when(Gdx.input.getX()).thenReturn(100);
+        Mockito.when(Gdx.input.getY()).thenReturn(200);
+
+        assertEquals(100, inputService.getMouseX());
+        assertEquals(200, inputService.getMouseY());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testMouseInBounds() {
+        Mockito.when(Gdx.input.getX()).thenReturn(100);
+        Mockito.when(Gdx.input.getY()).thenReturn(200);
+
+        assertTrue(inputService.mouseInBounds(90, 190, 20, 20));
+        assertFalse(inputService.mouseInBounds(0, 0, 50, 50));
+    }
+}

src/test/java/be/seeseemelk/diceos/system/gfx/GraphicsContextTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package be.seeseemelk.diceos.system.gfx;
+
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Camera;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.Batch;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.BitmapFont;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.NinePatch;
+import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Matrix4;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+class GraphicsContextTest {
+    private Camera camera;
+    private Batch batch;
+    private BitmapFont font;
+    private GraphicsContext gc;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void setUp() {
+        camera = mock(Camera.class);
+        batch = mock(Batch.class);
+        font = mock(BitmapFont.class);
+        gc = new GraphicsContext(camera, batch, 600, 800, font);
+        when(batch.getTransformMatrix()).thenReturn(new Matrix4());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testDrawNinePatch() {
+        NinePatch np = mock(NinePatch.class);
+        gc.draw(np, 10, 20, 100, 200);
+        verify(np).draw(eq(batch), eq(10f), eq(380f), eq(100f), eq(200f));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testDrawTexture() {
+        Texture tex = mock(Texture.class);
+        when(tex.getHeight()).thenReturn(50);
+        when(tex.getWidth()).thenReturn(50);
+        gc.draw(tex, 10, 20);
+        verify(batch).draw(eq(tex), eq(10f), anyFloat(), anyFloat(), anyFloat(), anyInt(), anyInt(), anyInt(), anyInt(), anyBoolean(), anyBoolean());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testDrawText() {
+        gc.draw("test", 10, 20);
+        verify(font).draw(batch, "test", 10f, 600f - (20f + font.getLineHeight()));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testSetColour() {
+        gc.setColour(255, 0, 0);
+        verify(batch).setColor(1f, 0f, 0f, 1f);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testSetColourRGB() {
+        gc.setColour(0xFF00FF);
+        verify(batch).setColor(1f, 0f, 1f, 1f);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testTranslate() {
+        gc.translate(10, 20);
+        assertEquals(10, gc.getXTranslation());
+        assertEquals(20, gc.getYTranslation());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testSaveRestore() {
+        gc.save();
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> gc.restore());
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> gc.restore());
+    }
+}